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Glossary

AI Finance Glossary

Plain-English definitions of AI, accounting, and SaaS-finance terms.

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Categories

AllAccounting & BookkeepingAccounting Practice SoftwareAP AutomationAudit & ComplianceBusiness BankingCap Table & EquityCFO PlatformContract ManagementExpense ManagementFinancial Data & APIFinancial ReportingFP&A & ForecastingGlobal PayrollInsurance & RiskInvestment ManagementInvoicing & ARLending & CreditPayments InfrastructurePayrollPersonal BudgetingProcurementRevenue FinancingRevenue RecognitionSaaS BillingSales Tax & ComplianceTax FilingTax Filing PersonalTreasury Management

A

Alternative Minimum Tax

Parallel tax calculation ensuring high-income taxpayers pay a minimum federal tax regardless of deductions.

Tax Filing PersonalTax Filing

At-Risk Rules

Tax rules limiting loss deductions to the amount a taxpayer has economically at risk in an activity.

Tax Filing PersonalTax Filing

E

Estate Tax

Federal tax on the transfer of assets from a decedent's estate above a statutory exemption threshold.

Tax Filing PersonalTax Filing

Estimated Tax

Quarterly tax payments required from self-employed individuals and businesses that expect to owe $1,000 or more in taxes not covered by withholding.

Tax Filing PersonalTax Filing

G

Gift Tax Exclusion

Annual IRS limit allowing tax-free gifts per recipient without consuming lifetime gift tax exemption.

Tax Filing PersonalTax Filing

H

Hobby Loss Rules

IRS rules that disallow deducting losses from activities not engaged in with a profit motive.

Tax Filing PersonalTax Filing

P

Passive Activity Rules

IRS rules limiting deduction of losses from activities in which the taxpayer does not materially participate.

Tax Filing PersonalTax Filing

Q

Qualified Business Income Deduction

20% deduction for pass-through business income under IRC Section 199A for eligible self-employed taxpayers.

Tax Filing PersonalTax Filing

Quarterly Estimated Tax

Prepayment of income and self-employment taxes made four times per year by self-employed individuals and investors.

Tax Filing PersonalTax Filing

S

Self-Employment Tax

Social Security and Medicare taxes paid by self-employed individuals on net self-employment income.

Tax Filing PersonalTax Filing

Step-Up in Basis

Tax rule resetting an inherited asset's cost basis to fair market value at the decedent's date of death.

Tax Filing PersonalTax Filing

T

Tax Loss Harvesting

An investment strategy of selling assets at a loss to offset capital gains or ordinary income, reducing current tax liability while maintaining portfolio exposure.

Investment ManagementTax Filing Personal

Tax Withholding

The process by which employers deduct income taxes from employees' paychecks and remit them directly to tax authorities on the employee's behalf.

PayrollTax Filing Personal

#

1099 Contractor

A self-employed independent contractor who provides services to a business without being classified as an employee.

PayrollTax Filing Personal