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Glossary

AI Finance Glossary

Plain-English definitions of AI, accounting, and SaaS-finance terms.

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Categories

AllAccounting & BookkeepingAccounting Practice SoftwareAP AutomationAudit & ComplianceBusiness BankingCap Table & EquityCFO PlatformContract ManagementExpense ManagementFinancial Data & APIFinancial ReportingFP&A & ForecastingGlobal PayrollInsurance & RiskInvestment ManagementInvoicing & ARLending & CreditPayments InfrastructurePayrollPersonal BudgetingProcurementRevenue FinancingRevenue RecognitionSaaS BillingSales Tax & ComplianceTax FilingTax Filing PersonalTreasury Management

A

Asset Allocation

The strategic distribution of investments across asset classes — stocks, bonds, real estate, and cash — to balance risk and return based on goals and time horizon.

Investment ManagementPersonal Budgeting

B

Beneficiary Designation

A legal instruction naming who receives specific account assets directly upon the account holder's death, bypassing probate.

Personal BudgetingInvestment Management

C

Cash Basis Accounting

An accounting method that records income and expenses only when cash is actually received or paid.

Accounting & BookkeepingPersonal Budgeting

Coinsurance

Percentage of costs the insured shares with the insurer after the deductible is met.

Insurance & RiskPersonal Budgeting

Compound Interest

Interest calculated on both the initial principal and previously accumulated interest, enabling exponential growth of savings and investments over time.

Personal BudgetingInvestment Management

Copayment

Fixed amount the insured pays for a covered health care service at the time of service.

Insurance & RiskPersonal Budgeting

Credit Score

A numerical rating (300–850) representing an individual's creditworthiness based on their credit history and behavior.

Personal BudgetingLending & Credit

D

Debt-to-Income Ratio

A personal finance metric comparing monthly debt payments to gross monthly income, used by lenders to assess borrowing capacity.

Personal BudgetingLending & Credit

Deductible

Amount the insured must pay out-of-pocket per claim before insurance coverage begins.

Insurance & RiskPersonal Budgeting

Dividend Reinvestment

The automatic use of dividend payments to purchase additional shares of the same investment, compounding returns through increased ownership.

Investment ManagementPersonal Budgeting

Dollar-Cost Averaging

An investment strategy of investing a fixed dollar amount at regular intervals regardless of price, reducing the impact of market volatility over time.

Investment ManagementPersonal Budgeting

E

ETF

An Exchange-Traded Fund — a basket of securities that trades on a stock exchange like an individual stock, combining diversification with intraday liquidity.

Investment ManagementPersonal Budgeting

Emergency Fund

A dedicated savings reserve covering 3–6 months of living expenses to protect against unexpected financial disruptions.

Personal BudgetingInvestment Management

Estate Planning

The process of arranging for the management and distribution of assets during life and after death, minimizing taxes and ensuring wishes are carried out.

Personal BudgetingInvestment Management

F

FICO Score

The credit scoring model developed by Fair Isaac Corporation, the most widely used by lenders to evaluate consumer creditworthiness.

Personal BudgetingLending & Credit

Flexible Spending Account

An employer-sponsored account allowing pre-tax contributions for qualified medical or dependent care expenses, with annual use-it-or-lose-it requirements.

PayrollPersonal Budgeting

H

Health Savings Account

A tax-advantaged savings account paired with a high-deductible health plan, offering triple tax benefits for qualified medical expenses.

Personal BudgetingPayroll

I

Index Fund

A passively managed investment fund that tracks a market index like the S&P 500, offering broad diversification at very low cost.

Investment ManagementPersonal Budgeting

N

Net Worth

The total value of all assets minus all liabilities, representing an individual's or company's overall financial position.

Personal BudgetingInvestment Management

O

Out-of-Pocket Maximum

Annual cap on total cost-sharing required of an insured under a health plan.

Insurance & RiskPersonal Budgeting

P

Portfolio Rebalancing

The process of realigning a portfolio's asset allocation back to target weights by selling overweight assets and buying underweight assets.

Investment ManagementPersonal Budgeting

Power of Attorney

A legal document authorizing a designated person to manage financial, legal, or healthcare decisions on behalf of the principal.

Personal BudgetingContract Management

R

Roth IRA

An individual retirement account funded with after-tax dollars, offering tax-free growth and tax-free withdrawals in retirement.

Personal BudgetingInvestment Management

T

Traditional IRA

An individual retirement account funded with pre-tax or after-tax dollars, offering potential tax deductions now and tax-deferred growth until withdrawal.

Personal BudgetingInvestment Management

#

529 Plan

A tax-advantaged education savings account allowing after-tax contributions to grow tax-free and be withdrawn tax-free for qualified education expenses.

Personal BudgetingInvestment Management