Current Ratio
A liquidity ratio measuring a company's ability to pay short-term obligations using current assets, calculated as current assets divided by current liabilities.
FAQs
What is the difference between current ratio and quick ratio?
The quick ratio (acid-test ratio) excludes inventory from current assets, calculated as (Cash + Short-term Investments + Accounts Receivable) ÷ Current Liabilities. Inventory may not be quickly convertible to cash in an emergency, so the quick ratio provides a more stringent liquidity test. For service businesses with no inventory, current and quick ratios are identical. For manufacturers with large inventory, the quick ratio may be significantly lower.
Can a company with a current ratio below 1.0 be financially healthy?
Yes — many fundamentally healthy businesses operate with current ratios below 1.0. Businesses with predictable recurring revenue, strong credit facilities, or business models that collect cash before paying obligations (subscription SaaS, retail that collects before paying suppliers) can maintain low current ratios sustainably. Amazon has historically operated with current ratios below 1.0 due to its efficient working capital management.
Should current ratio include deferred revenue?
Yes — current deferred revenue (expected to be earned within the next year) is correctly included as a current liability. However, it's a non-cash liability — there's no cash outflow associated with it; the obligation is to deliver service. Some analysts adjust the current ratio by excluding deferred revenue, arguing that it's not a 'cash-demanding' liability. Both versions provide useful perspective; consistency in methodology matters.
Related Terms
Quick Ratio
A strict liquidity measure comparing the most liquid assets — cash, investments, and receivables — to current liabilities, excluding inventory.
Working Capital
The difference between current assets and current liabilities, measuring a company's short-term liquidity and operational efficiency.
Debt-to-Equity Ratio
A leverage ratio comparing total debt to shareholders' equity, measuring how much a company relies on borrowed funds versus owner capital.
Accounts Payable
Short-term liabilities representing amounts a business owes to suppliers and vendors for goods or services received but not yet paid.