KYC
Know Your Customer — the process of verifying the identity of customers and assessing their risk profile to prevent fraud, money laundering, and terrorist financing.
FAQs
How often must KYC be refreshed?
KYC is not a one-time event — it requires periodic refresh based on customer risk rating. High-risk customers (PEPs, high-value accounts, complex structures) should be reviewed annually. Medium-risk every 2–3 years. Low-risk every 3–5 years. Event-driven refresh is also required when suspicious activity is detected, when customer information changes materially, or when the customer relationship scope changes significantly.
What is eKYC and how is it different from traditional KYC?
eKYC (electronic KYC) uses digital identity verification — document scanning, biometric matching, database lookups, and AI analysis — to verify customer identity without requiring physical presence or paper documents. eKYC can be completed in seconds vs. days for traditional KYC, enabling digital onboarding at scale. Regulatory acceptance of eKYC varies by jurisdiction; most developed markets now explicitly permit it.
What is a Politically Exposed Person (PEP) and why does it matter for KYC?
A PEP is an individual who holds or has held a prominent public function — government officials, senior politicians, military officers, state-owned enterprise executives, and their immediate family and close associates. PEPs pose higher money laundering risk because their positions may provide opportunities for corruption. PEPs require Enhanced Due Diligence, including source of wealth and funds verification and closer ongoing monitoring.
Related Terms
AML
Anti-Money Laundering — a framework of laws, regulations, and procedures designed to prevent criminals from disguising illegally obtained funds as legitimate income.
GDPR Compliance
Adherence to the EU's General Data Protection Regulation, governing how organizations collect, store, process, and transfer personal data of EU residents.
Audit Trail
A chronological record of all user actions, system events, and data changes in a financial system, providing a traceable history for auditing and investigation.
Internal Controls
The policies, procedures, and practices designed to safeguard assets, ensure financial accuracy, prevent fraud, and promote operational efficiency.